Which scientific instrument, launched in 1990, fundamentally transformed our understanding of the universe despite initially suffering from a critical flaw in its primary mirror?

The launch of groundbreaking scientific instruments and tools often marks significant advancements in research capabilities. These product introductions can revolutionize entire fields, enabling discoveries that were previously impossible. This trivia question focuses on a major scientific product launch that changed how researchers approach their work. Test your knowledge of pivotal moments in scientific instrumentation history!

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Hubble Space Telescope
Large Hadron Collider
James Webb Space Telescope
Chandra X-ray Observatory