Which invention, first used commercially in 1974 at an Ohio supermarket, revolutionized retail by allowing automated product identification and inventory tracking?

In the world of inventions and discoveries, retail technology has transformed how we shop. One particular innovation revolutionized inventory management and checkout systems worldwide, creating a seamless bridge between physical products and digital tracking. This invention dramatically reduced human error in pricing and inventory while speeding up the purchasing process. Can you identify this game-changing retail technology that fundamentally altered modern commerce?

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Universal Product Code (UPC) barcode
RFID (Radio-frequency identification) tags
Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS) tags
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) systems