Which ancient civilization invented the first known customer loyalty program, offering clay tokens to repeat customers that could be exchanged for discounts on future purchases?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations created sophisticated marketplaces that shaped commerce for millennia. From Mesopotamian bazaars to Roman macellums, these early retail environments featured innovative sales techniques, loyalty systems, and brand differentiation that would be recognizable even today. Test your knowledge about the fascinating retail practices that emerged in the cradle of civilization!

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Ancient Egyptians, who offered 'royal seal' tokens to noble customers of temple-affiliated merchants
Ancient Sumerians, who created stamped clay tablets as proof of purchase that accumulated benefits with merchants
Ancient Greeks, who provided olive wood tokens at the Agora markets to preferred customers
Ancient Phoenicians, who gave colored glass beads to trading partners that indicated preferential status