Which mathematical algorithm, developed in the 1960s but widely adopted by retail analytics platforms in the 2000s, revolutionized inventory forecasting by analyzing sequential patterns in sales data?

Modern retail analytics employs sophisticated mathematical models to predict consumer behavior and optimize sales strategies. From predictive modeling to time series analysis, mathematics forms the backbone of how retailers understand their customers. This trivia question explores a pivotal mathematical technique that revolutionized retail data analysis and helped companies make more informed inventory decisions.

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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)
K-means Clustering Algorithm
Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Random Forest Algorithm