Which ancient civilization pioneered the first known retail loyalty program using clay tokens that customers could collect and exchange for discounts on future purchases?

The ancient world had sophisticated retail systems that laid the foundation for modern commerce. From the agoras of Greece to the bazaars of Mesopotamia, ancient civilizations developed innovative approaches to product display, customer engagement, and trade networks. This poll explores how these early retail environments influenced product development and consumer behavior in ways that still resonate today.

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Mesopotamian merchants in Babylon (circa 1800 BCE)
Egyptian marketplace vendors in Alexandria (circa 300 BCE)
Roman trading guilds in Pompeii (circa 100 CE)
Chinese silk merchants along the early Silk Road (circa 200 BCE)