Which scientific retail innovation was the first to implement blockchain technology for authenticating laboratory equipment and tracking reagent provenance?

The scientific community has increasingly embraced blockchain technology to enhance product integrity and traceability. Major research institutions and pharmaceutical companies have pioneered innovative applications of this technology to combat counterfeiting and improve supply chain transparency. This poll tests your knowledge of how blockchain is transforming scientific retail and product authentication in laboratory and research settings.

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Thermo Fisher Scientific's Invitrogen BlockVerify system (2018)
Merck's MilliChain authentication platform (2019)
Sigma-Aldrich's ChainTrace verification protocol (2020)
VWR's LabLedger certification network (2021)