Which ancient civilization first used distinctive merchant seals as an early form of retail branding to authenticate products and build customer trust?

Before modern storefronts and digital shopping carts, ancient civilizations created sophisticated retail experiences with distinct brand identities. From the carefully arranged market stalls of Mesopotamia to the branded pottery of Rome, retail storytelling has ancient roots. This trivia challenges your knowledge of how early civilizations approached retail branding and visual merchandising techniques that have influenced commerce for millennia.

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Mesopotamia (specifically Sumerians, circa 3500 BCE)
Ancient Egypt (New Kingdom period, circa 1550 BCE)
Indus Valley Civilization (circa 2600 BCE)
Ancient China (Shang Dynasty, circa 1600 BCE)