Which of these famous product failures eventually led to a fundamental shift in how its company approached innovation, becoming a case study in 'failing forward' in business schools worldwide?

Even the most brilliant inventors and companies have experienced spectacular product failures. These mishaps often lead to valuable lessons and sometimes pivot into unexpected successes. This poll tests your knowledge of famous product failures that ultimately influenced innovation practices across industries. Can you identify which notorious product failure actually transformed how companies approach product development?

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Apple Newton MessagePad (1993), which despite its commercial failure, directly informed the later development of iOS and the iPhone's touchscreen interface
Ford Edsel (1958), which prompted Ford to create the industry's first comprehensive consumer research department that revolutionized automotive marketing
Sony Betamax (1975), which taught Sony to prioritize industry partnerships over superior technology, leading to their later PlayStation success
Google Glass (2013), which redirected Google's hardware strategy toward more practical applications and enterprise solutions rather than consumer products