Which ancient civilization invented the concept of 'brand sealing' - placing distinctive marks on products to indicate manufacturer quality and authenticity?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that shaped their economies and societies. The innovations in marketplace design, consumer psychology, and brand strategies from thousands of years ago continue to influence retail practices today. Test your knowledge about how our ancestors approached commerce, customer experience, and product marketing in the cradle of civilization!

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Mesopotamians, who used cylinder seals on clay containers to identify producers and guarantee quality of traded goods (3500-3000 BCE)
Ancient Egyptians, who marked their pottery with hieroglyphic symbols to indicate royal patronage and workshop origin (2500 BCE)
Indus Valley traders, who stamped symbols on their wares to differentiate regional products in their extensive trade networks (2600 BCE)
Ancient Chinese merchants, who used specific seals to mark silk and bronze products from different production centers (1600 BCE)