Which retail innovation is widely considered the first modern customer loyalty program, revolutionizing retail marketing in the 20th century?

Customer loyalty programs have transformed retail strategy throughout history, but they weren't always digital points and mobile apps! This trivia question explores a pivotal moment in the evolution of retail customer retention strategies. Understanding how these programs developed helps product managers and marketers appreciate the psychological principles that still drive customer engagement today, even as technology continues to transform implementation.

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S&H Green Stamps (1896), where customers collected stamps with purchases to redeem for merchandise from catalogs
American Airlines' AAdvantage program (1981), which retail chains quickly adapted for their own stores
Montgomery Ward's Customer Credit Program (1926), offering store credit based on purchase history
Sears' Preferred Customer Card (1945), the first retail points-based reward system