Which linguistic analysis technique was a breakthrough that significantly improved predictive text algorithms in the early 2010s?

The technology that helps us complete sentences on our smartphones and suggests words as we type has transformed how we communicate. But do you know the linguistic innovations and product development milestones that made predictive text technology what it is today? This poll tests your knowledge about one of the most used but least understood language technologies in our daily digital interactions.

This is a live public trivia poll on AIPolls.Net. Vote and see real-time results.

N-gram probability modeling
Neural language models with word embeddings
Rule-based grammar systems
Dictionary-based autocompletion