Which retailer's loyalty program was the first to use personalized price discounts based on purchase history, creating the model that transformed modern retail loyalty strategies?

Loyalty programs have become essential tools for retailers to build customer retention and gather valuable consumer data. But not all loyalty programs are created equal! Some have revolutionized the industry with innovative approaches that transformed how consumers shop and how brands engage with their customers. This trivia question focuses on a groundbreaking loyalty program that fundamentally changed consumer behavior and set new standards for the retail industry.

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Tesco's Clubcard (launched 1995)
American Airlines' AAdvantage (launched 1981)
Amazon Prime (launched 2005)
Starbucks Rewards (launched 2008)