Which of these scientific product development failures eventually led to the creation of a multi-billion dollar consumer product category?

Even in the rigorous world of science, product development can lead to unexpected outcomes. Some of the most significant scientific innovations emerged from projects that initially failed or were developed for entirely different purposes. This trivia tests your knowledge about famous scientific product development pivots and failures that ultimately transformed our understanding or created new industries altogether.

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Spencer Silver's 'low-tack' adhesive at 3M, which initially failed to find applications but later became the basis for Post-it Notes
The Michelson-Morley experiment's failure to detect the 'luminiferous aether,' which led directly to smartphone development
IBM's abandoned 'Stretch' supercomputer project, which was repurposed into the first commercial photocopier technology
Pfizer's unsuccessful hypertension medication trials that were later rebranded as kitchen non-stick coating