Which ancient civilization created the first known retail chain, with standardized shops selling pottery and other goods across multiple cities with consistent branding and pricing?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce giants, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated retail networks. From Mesopotamian bazaars to Roman shopping complexes, retail innovation has deep historical roots. This poll explores one of history's earliest examples of standardized retail chains - an innovation that would be familiar to modern business strategists, yet emerged thousands of years before modern commerce concepts.

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Ancient Rome with its 'Tabernae' network established by Marcus Licinius Crassus
Ancient Greece through the Delian League's 'Emporia' shops
Ancient China during the Han Dynasty with state-sanctioned 'Shi' merchant houses
Ancient Lydia (modern Turkey) with its standardized 'Kapeloi' merchant shops circa 600 BCE