Which major metropolitan transit system was the first to implement a fully integrated contactless smart card payment system for public transportation?

The transportation industry has undergone significant changes in payment technologies over the decades. From physical tokens and paper tickets to contactless cards and mobile apps, the evolution of fare payment systems has transformed how people interact with public transit. This trivia question challenges your knowledge about a pivotal moment in transportation payment history that changed urban mobility forever.

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Hong Kong's Octopus card system (1997)
London's Oyster card system (2003)
Tokyo's Suica card system (2001)
Singapore's EZ-Link card system (2002)