When did algorithmic dynamic pricing first gain widespread adoption in retail?

Algorithmic pricing has revolutionized how retailers set prices, using mathematical models to optimize revenue. This advanced approach draws heavily from mathematical disciplines like game theory, statistical analysis, and machine learning to dynamically adjust prices based on demand, competition, inventory levels, and customer behavior patterns. Today's sophisticated pricing systems can make thousands of price changes per day across product catalogs, but do you know when this mathematical retail innovation first emerged at scale?

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Late 1990s with Amazon's early implementation
1970s with the introduction of electronic point-of-sale systems
2008 after the financial crisis drove optimization needs
2015 when machine learning became accessible to retailers