Which ancient civilization first developed the 'macellum,' a specialized retail marketplace with organized stalls, that became one of history's earliest shopping centers?

Before modern shopping malls and e-commerce, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail systems that shaped commerce for millennia. From Mesopotamian bazaars to Roman shopping complexes, innovative retail concepts emerged that would influence trade practices throughout history. This trivia question explores one of the most significant retail innovations from the ancient world that demonstrated remarkable understanding of customer behavior and commercial organization.

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Ancient Romans, who built covered market halls with dedicated sections for different goods around 100 BCE
Ancient Egyptians, who constructed riverside commercial complexes along the Nile around 1500 BCE
Ancient Greeks, who established the agora marketplace system with specialized merchant zones around 500 BCE
Ancient Babylonians, who designed multi-level market buildings with luxury goods sections around 700 BCE