Which innovative invention, first introduced in 1995, revolutionized retail customer retention by allowing businesses to scientifically measure and predict customer loyalty patterns?

The world of retail has been transformed by technological inventions aimed at understanding customer behavior and loyalty. One particular innovation revolutionized how brands track and analyze customer retention patterns. This poll tests your knowledge about a significant discovery in retail analytics that changed how businesses approach customer loyalty measurement. Can you identify the groundbreaking invention that fundamentally altered retail customer retention strategies?

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Net Promoter Score (NPS) methodology by Fred Reichheld
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software by Siebel Systems
RFM (Recency, Frequency, Monetary) Analysis by Arthur Hughes
Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) Calculator by IBM