Which marketing strategy did Texas Instruments use to make their TI-84 graphing calculator maintain its ~$100 price point for decades, despite older technology?

Texas Instruments revolutionized mathematics education with a product that became ubiquitous in classrooms worldwide. Their strategic marketing transformed a calculator into an essential educational tool that has maintained remarkable brand loyalty despite minimal design changes over decades. This poll explores the marketing psychology behind one of the most recognized tools in mathematics education.

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Educational institution partnerships making it required for standardized tests
Continuous software upgrades that require the specific hardware
Patent protection preventing competitors from entering the market
Subscription-based model where schools receive ongoing support