Which pioneering big data application first allowed presidential campaigns to micro-target voters with personalized messaging at scale?

Big data has transformed how political campaigns and government agencies operate. From voter targeting to policy development, data analytics now drives decision-making at all levels of government. This poll tests your knowledge about how big data is being utilized in the political sphere and how it's reshaping governance and campaigning in the digital age. Are you up to speed on the latest developments in political data science?

This is a live public trivia poll on AIPolls.Net. Vote and see real-time results.

• Project Narwhal (Obama 2012)
• Cambridge Analytica's OCEAN model (Trump 2016)
• The GOP's Voter Vault (Bush 2004)
• VoteBuilder/VAN (DNC's voter database)

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