Which ancient civilization first used 'loss leader' pricing strategies, where merchants would sell one product below cost to attract customers to their stalls for more profitable items?

While we often think of consumer psychology as a modern field, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated retail and marketing techniques. From the strategic layout of Roman marketplaces to the persuasive tactics of Egyptian merchants, the fundamentals of consumer behavior were understood and manipulated thousands of years ago. Test your knowledge about how ancient sellers created the foundation of modern retail strategies and consumer psychology techniques that still influence how we shop today.

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Phoenicians, who would offer discounted dyes to entice customers to purchase more expensive textiles and glassware
Egyptians, who would sell basic papyrus at low prices while promoting premium writing implements and luxury inks
Mesopotamians, who would offer clay tablets below cost to attract buyers for their more profitable styluses and seals
Greeks, who would discount olive oil samples to bring customers to their market stalls for higher-priced goods