Which language learning company first successfully positioned its brand around the concept of 'thinking in a foreign language' rather than translation-based learning?

Brand positioning in the language industry relies heavily on terminology, linguistic nuance, and cultural relevance. Companies specializing in translation services, language learning platforms, or linguistic technology must position themselves carefully to highlight their expertise while remaining accessible. This poll tests your knowledge about a significant linguistic brand positioning strategy that revolutionized language learning marketing.

This is a live public trivia poll on AIPolls.Net. Vote and see real-time results.

Berlitz (1878) with its 'Direct Method' that eliminated native language use in classrooms
Rosetta Stone (1992) with its immersion-based computer programs
Pimsleur (1963) with its audio-based spaced repetition system
Duolingo (2011) with its gamified language learning approach