What innovative pricing strategy did the U.S. government use when contracting Winchester to produce the M1 Garand alongside Springfield Armory during WWII?

The M1 Garand was the first semi-automatic rifle to be generally issued to the infantry of any nation. General George S. Patton called it 'the greatest battle implement ever devised.' Beyond its technical innovations, the pricing strategy used for mass production of this weapon was revolutionary for its time. This trivia challenges your knowledge of how pricing strategies influenced one of history's most significant military acquisitions.

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Cost-plus pricing: Winchester was paid production costs plus a fixed percentage profit margin to ensure quality while controlling government expenses
Premium pricing: Winchester was paid a significant premium over Springfield to incentivize faster production timelines
Penetration pricing: Initial contracts were below cost to secure Winchester's manufacturing capacity, with prices increasing over time
Value-based pricing: Payment was tied directly to field performance metrics of rifles in combat situations