Which ancient civilization is credited with creating the earliest known customer loyalty program through clay tokens that offered discounts on future purchases?

While modern loyalty programs involve plastic cards and mobile apps, ancient civilizations had their own ingenious methods of customer retention. From Mesopotamian merchant tablets to Roman trade tokens, early retailers developed sophisticated systems to encourage repeat business. This trivia explores how ancient merchants pioneered customer loyalty concepts that still influence modern retail strategy.

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Ancient Egypt, where papyrus loyalty scrolls recorded grain purchases at royal granaries
Mesopotamian Babylon, where clay tablets tracked customer purchases and offered preferential pricing to repeat buyers
Ancient Rome, where specialized coins (tesserae) were given to preferred customers at certain markets
Ancient China, where Han Dynasty silk merchants issued bamboo loyalty tokens to frequent customers