What was the original meaning of the term 'Black Friday' before it became associated with post-Thanksgiving shopping?

Black Friday has become a global shopping phenomenon, marking the unofficial start of the holiday shopping season. But how well do you know the business history behind this retail giant? Test your knowledge about the origins of this massive shopping event that now drives billions in sales and shapes retail strategies worldwide. Are you a casual shopper or a retail history expert?

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The day retail businesses finally moved from financial loss ('in the red') to profit ('in the black') for the year
A term used by Philadelphia police in the 1950s to describe the chaos of heavy traffic and shoppers flooding the city after Thanksgiving
A marketing campaign created by major department stores in the 1970s to boost post-Thanksgiving sales
A reference to the stock market crash of 1929 which occurred on a Friday in November