Which retail innovation was first introduced in transportation hubs in the 2010s to dramatically reduce purchase friction for hurried travelers?

The transportation retail landscape has transformed dramatically over the years, particularly in airports, train stations, and travel hubs. These spaces have evolved from basic service areas to sophisticated retail environments designed to maximize traveler engagement and spending. This trivia question explores an innovative retail concept that changed how transportation hubs approach shopping experiences.

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Grab-and-go automated stores with no checkout required (using computer vision and sensor fusion)
Digital vending machines with touchscreen interfaces
Self-checkout kiosks with barcode scanning
Mobile order-ahead with designated pickup locations