Which innovative pricing approach did NASA use to manage the James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) development costs?

The development and launch of space telescopes represent some of the most expensive scientific endeavors in human history. These incredible instruments have revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos, but come with astronomical price tags. This poll tests your knowledge about the pricing strategies and financial aspects behind one of astronomy's most famous instruments. Do you know how space agencies and manufacturers approach these massive investments?

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Cost-plus-award-fee contracts, where contractors received bonuses for meeting milestones and controlling costs
Subscription-based funding model where international partners paid annual fees based on their planned usage time
Dynamic pricing system where development costs were adjusted quarterly based on technological breakthroughs
Freemium model where basic observation data is free but advanced analysis tools require payment