Which technology is widely credited as the first mainstream IoT implementation in retail that revolutionized inventory tracking?

The retail landscape has been transformed by technological innovations, particularly the Internet of Things (IoT). These smart devices and systems have revolutionized how retailers track inventory, engage with customers, and optimize store operations. This poll tests your knowledge about a pivotal moment in retail IoT history that changed how physical stores connect with the digital world. Do you know which groundbreaking technology first bridged the gap between physical products and digital information in mainstream retail?

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RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) tags, first widely adopted by Walmart in 2003
QR codes, first implemented by Tesco in South Korea's virtual stores in 2011
NFC (Near-Field Communication) payment systems, pioneered by Apple in 2014
Bluetooth beacons, first deployed at scale by Macy's in 2015