Which ancient civilization pioneered the world's first known purpose-built shopping complex with standardized store dimensions and a covered colonnade design that protected shoppers from weather?

Before modern shopping malls and department stores, ancient civilizations had sophisticated approaches to retail space organization. Their marketplace layouts were carefully designed to maximize foot traffic, showcase premium goods, and create optimal shopping experiences. This poll explores how ancient civilizations pioneered store layout concepts that still influence modern retail design principles today.

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Roman Empire (Trajan's Market in Rome, 2nd century CE)
Ancient Greece (The Agora of Athens, 5th century BCE)
Sumerian civilization (The Great Market of Ur, 21st century BCE)
Han Dynasty China (Chang'an Market Complex, 2nd century BCE)