Which ancient civilization first used standardized merchant seals as an early form of product branding to guarantee authenticity and quality of goods?

Before modern retail chains and e-commerce platforms, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated trading systems with their own unique forms of product branding and marketing. From Mesopotamian cylinder seals to Roman amphora stamps, merchants found ways to distinguish their goods in bustling marketplaces. This trivia explores how ancient civilizations approached product identification and consumer trust in ways that laid the groundwork for today's corporate logos and brand identities.

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Mesopotamia (specifically ancient Sumer)
Ancient Egypt
Classical Greece
Indus Valley Civilization