What critical product design flaw affected the Hubble Space Telescope after its 1990 launch, requiring a major space repair mission?

The Hubble Space Telescope is one of astronomy's most revolutionary instruments, but it initially faced a major product design issue that threatened its entire mission. This famous case study in product design and recalls demonstrates how even the most sophisticated technology can suffer from fundamental flaws, and how ingenious solutions can save seemingly doomed projects. Test your knowledge about this famous astronomical product failure and its remarkable recovery!

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Spherical aberration in the primary mirror due to a measuring instrument error
Solar panel deployment failure requiring complete panel replacement
Faulty gyroscopes causing uncontrollable rotation of the telescope
Computer system malfunction preventing data transmission to Earth