Which post-war retail innovation dramatically transformed how surplus military equipment reached civilian markets, creating an entirely new retail category that still exists today?

The military equipment industry has undergone significant retail transformations throughout history. From government procurement offices to modern military surplus stores and specialized tactical retailers, the way military products reach their markets has evolved dramatically. This poll explores a fascinating turning point in how military equipment was made available to civilian markets - a retail innovation that changed the industry landscape forever.

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The establishment of Army & Navy Stores in 1871, creating the first dedicated military surplus retail chain
Montgomery Ward's 1944 'Victory Collection' catalog section, offering refurbished military items
Sears' introduction of the 'Battlefield to Home' departments in 1947
The Defense Department's 1953 'Military to Market' program that licensed manufacturers to produce civilian versions of military gear