Which ancient civilization developed the first known system of branded products with quality seals that functioned similar to modern brand loyalty symbols?

Before modern marketing strategies and loyalty programs, ancient civilizations developed their own methods of building customer retention and brand recognition. From maker's marks on pottery to royal endorsements, the foundations of brand loyalty have deeper historical roots than many realize. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants and artisans built customer relationships and established product trust in the earliest marketplaces of human history.

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Mesopotamia, where merchants stamped clay tablets with unique seals to guarantee product authenticity from specific workshops
Ancient Egypt, where pharaonic cartouches on goods indicated royal approval and guaranteed premium quality
Ancient Greece, where amphora manufacturers included distinct logos to indicate wine origin and quality
Roman Empire, where the 'Senatus Populusque Romanus' (SPQR) stamp certified official goods throughout the empire