Which NLP technique revolutionized retail sentiment analysis by enabling machines to understand context-dependent language in customer reviews?

In today's retail landscape, understanding customer language patterns has become a crucial element of retail analytics. Companies are investing heavily in natural language processing (NLP) technologies to analyze customer feedback, social media mentions, and shopping behaviors. This trivia question explores how linguistic analysis is transforming retail machine learning applications and creating more personalized shopping experiences.

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Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)
Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF)
Hidden Markov Models (HMM)
Bag of Words (BoW)