Which cryptographic invention, discovered in the 1970s, enabled secure online transactions and became the foundation of modern e-commerce?

E-commerce has transformed retail forever, but its success hinges on a critical invention that many take for granted. This poll tests your knowledge of the pivotal technological breakthrough that made online shopping secure enough for consumers to trust with their financial information. Behind every successful online purchase lies this fundamental innovation that addressed early internet users' biggest concern: 'Is it safe to share my credit card online?'

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Public Key Cryptography (PKI/RSA algorithm)
One-Time Pad Encryption
Triple DES (Data Encryption Standard)
Advanced Vector Hashing