Which innovative omnichannel retail strategy was FIRST introduced by Barnes & Noble to compete with online retailers?

In today's digital age, the publishing industry has undergone significant transformations in how books are marketed, sold, and experienced by readers. Major bookstores and publishers have implemented various innovative retail strategies to keep physical books relevant while embracing digital opportunities. Test your knowledge about the evolution of omnichannel retail approaches in the literary world!

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Print-on-demand kiosks in stores where customers could instantly print any book from a digital catalog
The NOOK e-reader, allowing customers to browse and purchase digital books in physical stores
Subscription-based 'all-you-can-read' services with both physical and digital book options
Augmented reality app that revealed exclusive content when smartphones scanned book covers