Which pricing strategy did Spotify pioneer that fundamentally changed how streaming services calculate artist royalties?

In today's digital music economy, streaming platforms have revolutionized how artists and labels generate revenue. This trivia question explores a fascinating pricing insight that has shaped the music industry's business models. Test your knowledge about how streaming services monetize music and compensate artists—a critical aspect of modern music business that affects everything from production decisions to tour planning.

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Pro-rata model (dividing total revenue by total streams to determine per-stream rate)
Fixed per-stream payment ($0.01 per stream regardless of subscription tier)
User-centric model (allocating each user's subscription fee only to artists they listened to)
Tiered royalty system (paying higher rates to more popular artists)