Which ancient civilization created the first documented branded products with maker's marks that functioned similarly to modern trademarks?

Step back in time to explore the fascinating world of ancient commerce and branding! Before modern marketing and retail strategies, ancient civilizations developed sophisticated systems of trade, product identification, and consumer trust. This trivia question examines how early merchants established what we might recognize as the first 'brands' in human history. Test your knowledge about these ancient retail practices that laid the foundation for today's global commerce.

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Ancient Egyptians, who stamped pottery with distinctive hieroglyphic symbols to indicate workshop origin around 3000 BCE
Mesopotamians, who used cylinder seals on clay tablets to authenticate goods and identify merchants circa 3500 BCE
Ancient Romans, who marked amphorae with stamped handles showing producer and origin around 200 BCE
Ancient Chinese merchants of the Shang Dynasty, who used oracle bone inscriptions to certify jade products around 1600 BCE