Which country first implemented a nationwide 'Government e-Marketplace' (GeM) portal that functions like an e-commerce platform where government agencies can procure goods and services?

Digital transformation isn't just for private businesses! Governments worldwide have been adopting sophisticated e-commerce and digital service platforms to improve citizen experiences. This trivia tests your knowledge about groundbreaking government digital retail initiatives that have transformed how citizens interact with public services and how governments deliver value through online platforms.

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India (launched in 2016 to ensure transparency and efficiency in government procurement)
Estonia (launched in 2014 as part of their e-Estonia digital society initiative)
Singapore (launched in 2015 through their Smart Nation program)
United Kingdom (launched in 2013 through their Digital Marketplace initiative)