Which ancient civilization created the first known branded products with maker's marks that served as early logos for quality assurance and marketing?

Before modern retail giants and brand collaborations, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated commercial systems. From Phoenician trade networks to Roman market strategies, these early societies pioneered concepts we still use today. This trivia question explores how ancient merchants branded and marketed their products in ways that might surprise you. Test your knowledge about the commercial practices that laid the foundation for today's retail world!

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Phoenicians, who stamped distinctive symbols on their purple-dyed textiles to verify authenticity
Romans, who used 'ex officina' stamps on pottery and bricks to identify production workshops
Egyptians, who marked papyrus scrolls with royal seals as a guarantee of official quality
Mesopotamians, who inscribed clay tablets with merchant guild symbols for trade agreements