Which retailer first implemented the 'scan-and-go' mobile technology that allows customers to scan products with their smartphones and pay without going through a traditional checkout?

The retail landscape has transformed dramatically through innovative technologies and business models. Companies that pioneered specific retail innovations have often gained significant competitive advantages and shaped consumer expectations. Test your knowledge of which major retailers were first to implement game-changing innovations that have since become industry standards.

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Walmart (with Walmart Scan & Go in 2012)
Amazon (with Amazon Go technology in 2016)
Target (with Target Skip-the-Line in 2014)
Kroger (with Kroger Scan, Bag, Go in 2011)