Which ancient civilization created the world's first documented commercial logo that merchants used consistently across their products?

Before modern retail, ancient civilizations had sophisticated trading systems with their own version of branding and marketing. Merchants in bustling marketplaces of Mesopotamia, Egypt, Rome, and China developed unique ways to distinguish their goods and build customer loyalty. This trivia explores how ancient merchants created the foundations of brand recognition that would evolve into today's corporate logos and marketing strategies.

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Roman Empire (stylized SPQR mark on official trade goods)
Ancient China (potter's marks from the Shang Dynasty)
Ancient Egypt (cartouche-style marks on pottery for export)
Mesopotamia (cylinder seals used by Sumerian merchants)