Which e-commerce innovation led to the first successful 'pay-per-use' model for advanced mathematical computation software, revolutionizing access for researchers?

The digital age has transformed how mathematical tools, resources, and education are sold and distributed. E-commerce platforms have become essential channels for mathematicians, educators, and students to access specialized software, textbooks, and learning materials. This trivia question explores an interesting development in the intersection of mathematics and e-commerce that changed how professionals access computational tools.

This is a live public trivia poll on AIPolls.Net. Vote and see real-time results.

Wolfram Alpha Pro's API marketplace (2012)
Amazon's Mathematics Software Subscription Service (2014)
Google's Mathematics Cloud Computing Platform (2015)
Microsoft's Advanced Computation Marketplace (2013)