Which pharmaceutical giant was originally founded as a small chemical company in 1849 and later pivoted to producing pain relievers before becoming one of the world's largest medical product manufacturers?

The pharmaceutical industry has seen remarkable transformations in branding and corporate identity over decades. Many of today's leading medical companies have fascinating histories of mergers, acquisitions, and rebranding efforts that shaped their current market presence. This trivia tests your knowledge about the evolution of a major pharmaceutical corporation that significantly impacted modern medicine.

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Pfizer, which began as Charles Pfizer & Company manufacturing fine chemicals before creating citric acid and later pioneering penicillin mass production
Merck, which started as a pharmacy in Darmstadt, Germany before expanding into research-driven pharmaceuticals and vaccines
Johnson & Johnson, which began as a manufacturer of surgical dressings before diversifying into consumer healthcare products and pharmaceuticals
Bayer, which started as a dyestuffs factory before discovering aspirin and expanding into a diverse healthcare and agricultural sciences company