Which retail technology innovation first allowed consumers to authenticate wildlife conservation products and track exactly which animal/habitat their purchase was supporting?

Test your knowledge about innovative retail technology advancements that have revolutionized wildlife conservation product sales and tracking. Many wildlife conservation organizations rely on cutting-edge retail technology to fund their missions and monitor endangered species. This question explores a groundbreaking innovation that changed how conservation products are authenticated and tracked globally.

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Blockchain-based provenance tracking (introduced by WWF in 2018)
RFID microchip embedded certificates (introduced by National Geographic in 2015)
QR code habitat mapping (introduced by Conservation International in 2016)
Augmented reality adoption certificates (introduced by Wildlife Conservation Society in 2019)