Which invention first allowed customers to make automated retail purchases without using cash or checks, revolutionizing retail payment systems in the 1960s?

The history of retail has been transformed by technological innovations in payment processing. Before digital transactions became commonplace, several key inventions revolutionized how consumers paid for goods. This poll tests your knowledge about a pivotal moment in retail payment history that changed shopping forever and laid the groundwork for today's contactless and digital payment methods. Do you know which invention first allowed customers to make purchases without physical currency or checks?

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The magnetic stripe credit card (introduced by IBM for the banking industry)
The Diners Club charge card (the first universal charge card)
The MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) system for check processing
The Bankograph automated deposit machine (precursor to the ATM)