Which ancient civilization pioneered the first known systematic customer profiling system for retail personalization in marketplaces?

Before modern retail analytics and IoT devices, ancient civilizations had their own sophisticated methods of gathering customer insights and personalizing the shopping experience. From Mesopotamian clay tablets tracking inventory to Roman market research techniques, the foundations of retail intelligence are older than you might think. Test your knowledge about how ancient merchants understood their customers and pioneered retail personalization thousands of years ago.

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The Romans, who categorized shoppers into 'plebeian' and 'patrician' segments with different merchandise displays and pricing strategies for each
The Egyptians, who used papyrus loyalty records to track noble families' purchases and preferences
The Phoenicians, who created trader networks that exchanged customer preference information across Mediterranean ports
The Babylonians, who maintained cuneiform tablets of wealthy customers with their preferred goods and spending patterns