Which mathematical advancement was primarily responsible for the dramatic improvement in retail demand forecasting accuracy between 2015-2020?

The intersection of mathematics and retail has revolutionized how businesses operate. Advanced algorithms and statistical models now drive decision-making across inventory management, pricing strategies, and customer behavior prediction. This trivia question focuses on a significant mathematical advancement that transformed retail analytics capabilities in the last decade, separating those who follow retail technology trends closely from casual observers.

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Tensor-based deep learning models that could process multi-dimensional retail data simultaneously
Bayesian inference networks optimized for seasonal retail fluctuations
Quantum computing algorithms specifically designed for inventory optimization
Euclidean distance clustering for improved customer segmentation