Which retail innovation, introduced in 1974, revolutionized product design and inventory management by using a 12-digit code scanned at checkout?

The retail landscape has been transformed by revolutionary technologies and practices throughout history. Many of these innovations dramatically changed how consumers shop and how businesses operate. This trivia question explores a significant milestone in the evolution of product design and retail operations that fundamentally altered the shopping experience worldwide. Test your knowledge about this pivotal moment in retail history!

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Universal Product Code (UPC barcode)
Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS) tags
Point of Sale (POS) terminal
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system