Which architectural project is credited with initiating 'The Bilbao Effect' - the strategy of using iconic architecture to transform a city's brand identity and stimulate economic growth?

The relationship between iconic architecture and brand positioning has transformed how cities and institutions approach building design. One phenomenon in particular revolutionized how architecture is used as a branding tool, creating economic revitalization through architectural spectacle. Test your knowledge about this influential strategy that continues to shape contemporary architectural commissions and urban planning worldwide.

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Guggenheim Museum Bilbao by Frank Gehry
CCTV Headquarters by Rem Koolhaas
Burj Khalifa by Adrian Smith
Sydney Opera House by Jørn Utzon